In the following you will find information on યકૃત diseases that are treated surgically.
વ્યાપક અર્થમાં સમાનાર્થી
તબીબી: હેપર લીવર ફ્લ .પ, લીવર સેલ, લીવર કેન્સર, યકૃત સિરોસિસ, ફેટી યકૃત
Surgical diseases of the liver
Below you can see the list of all topics that have already been published on liver diseases that belong to the medical field of surgery:
Definition Liver
આ યકૃત મનુષ્યનું કેન્દ્રિય મેટાબોલિક અંગ છે. તેના કાર્યોમાં ખોરાક આધારિત સંગ્રહ, શર્કરા અને ચરબીનું રૂપાંતર અને પ્રકાશન, અંતિમ અને andષધીય ઝેરનું ભંગાણ અને વિસર્જન, મોટાભાગની રચના શામેલ છે. રક્ત પ્રોટીન અને પિત્ત, અને અન્ય અસંખ્ય કાર્યો.
- થાઇરોઇડ કોમલાસ્થિ કંઠસ્થાન
- ટ્રેચેઆ (વિન્ડપાઇપ)
- હાર્ટ (કોર)
- પેટ (ગેસ્ટર)
- મોટી આંતરડા (કોલોન)
- ગુદામાર્ગ (ગુદામાર્ગ)
- નાના આંતરડા (ઇલિયમ, જેજુનમ)
- યકૃત (હેપર)
- ફેફસાં અથવા ફેફસાંની પાંખ
Function and anatomy of the liver
મનુષ્યમાં, યકૃત lies in the right upper abdomen directly below the ડાયફ્રૅમ and protrudes with its left liver lobes to the middle of the upper abdomen. In adults the liver weighs about 1400 – 1800 g and is divided into four large lobes: Lobus hepatis dexter – Lobus hepatis sinister – Lobus quadratus – Lobus caudatus. The liver can also be divided into segments.
There are 8 liver segments, which are of great importance during surgical removal. Segment 1 corresponds to the caudate lobus. Segments 2-4 correspond to the left liver lobe. Segments 5-8 correspond to the right lobe. You can learn more about the function and anatomy of the liver in our topic:
- Anatomy Liver
Disease of the liver
The following diseases, which often require surgical intervention, are explained below: 1. liver tumors2. Liver abscess3. Echinococcosis4.
Gallstones5. Acute યકૃત નિષ્ફળતા All liver diseases treated by the Department of Internal Medicine can be found under the following link: Liver – Internal Medicine. As with tumors in other organs, there are both benign and malignant tumors in the liver.
The following tumors are among the benign tumors of the liver: They do not necessarily have to be removed surgically. Only if the symptoms are clear and the tumor has increased in size should it be removed surgically. Liver cysts (fluid-filled cavities) occur in approximately one in 10 people.
They are harmless and develop already in the womb, during the organ development of the foetus. If they do not cause any discomfort, they do not require any treatment. If there are upper abdominal complaints, a feeling of fullness or other symptoms, the liver cysts can be removed by surgical intervention.
In malignant liver tumors, a distinction is made between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC). The former (HCC) develops in the liver itself. The other (CCC) is a malignant કેન્સર ના પિત્ત નળીઓ.
The number of people affected by hepatocellular carcinoma or cholangiocellular carcinoma has increased significantly in recent years. This is due to viral liver inflammation and the increasing life expectancy of the population. In addition, મેટાસ્ટેસેસ from other malignant tumors can implant themselves in the liver.
આ ઘણીવાર હોય છે મેટાસ્ટેસેસ થી કોલોન or ગુદામાર્ગ કેન્સર. Liver tumors are particularly treacherous because they develop symptoms very late and are therefore discovered very late. These include કમળો, ઉબકા, weight loss, water belly, પીડા ઉપરના ભાગમાં
Early detection as well as surgical removal are of great importance for the probability of survival. In addition, કિમોચિકિત્સા can increase the chances of recovery. The right lobe of the liver is far more frequently affected by a liver ફોલ્લો than the left.
In 40% of cases, several small accumulations of પરુ are found in the liver. Typical signs of liver abscesses are ઠંડી, તાવ, દબાણ પીડા જમણા ઉપલા પેટમાં, ઉબકા, ઉલટી. The diagnosis is confirmed by patient interview, શારીરિક પરીક્ષા, રક્ત count and imaging.
The liver may be enlarged and palpable in liver abscesses. In addition, the affected person expresses પીડા when pressing on the abdomen. In the રક્ત test, elevated inflammation values can give an indication of a liver ફોલ્લો.
Imaging procedures such as sonography (Sono), એક્સ-રે, computer tomography (CT) ultimately confirm the suspicion of a liver ફોલ્લો. Liver abscesses are first treated with એન્ટીબાયોટીક્સ.If the drug is not effective, a CT/sono controlled fine needle પંચર and an outwardly draining wound drainage can lead to healing. If the conservative therapy fails, a surgical intervention is performed.
In this procedure, the abscess alone or a complete liver segment is removed, a wound irrigation is performed and a wound drainage (a tube that drains the secretion to the outside) is inserted.
- Hemangioma(blood sponge in the liver)
- Liver adenoma (benign new formation/accumulation of liver cells)
- Focal Nodular Hyperplasia (benign new formation of liver, પિત્ત નળી અને સંયોજક પેશી કોષો).
- યકૃત ગાંઠો
Two types of echinococcosis are still known today: The alveolar echinococcosis and the cystic echinococcosis. In alveolar echinococcosis the liver is infested by fox tapeworms (Echinococcus multilocularis).
The carriers of the parasite are foxes, dogs and cats. The infection must be treated early, otherwise it destroys the entire liver structure. The carrier of cystic echinococcosis is the dog Tapeworm (Echinococcus granulosus).
After oral uptake, the parasites penetrate the intestinal wall and enter the liver via the portal નસ. If possible, the echinococcosis should be surgically removed. If necessary, healthy liver tissue is also removed (partial resection of the liver) to be on the safe side.
At the same time, echinococcosis can be treated with an antiparasitic drug (“albendazole”). ગેલસ્ટોન્સ are precipitated salts of the bile fluid that form lumps. They can occur either in the gallbladder, in which case the disease is referred to as cholecystolithiasis, or in the bile ducts (choleangiolithiasis).
ના બે સ્વરૂપો છે પિત્તાશય: stones containing કોલેસ્ટ્રોલ (about 90%) and stones containing બિલીરૂબિન (about 10%). Risk factors that favor પિત્તાશય are: the female sex, age: > 40 years, વજનવાળા, childbearing age, fair skin type. Typical symptoms caused by gallstones are colicky પેટ નો દુખાવો, ઉબકા, discolored bowel movements, pain in the right and middle upper abdomen radiating to the back and right shoulder, yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes, in the case of massively congested bile ducts.
Diagnosis is based on the one hand on questioning the patient, who often confirms the above-mentioned symptoms. An elevated inflammation laboratory can provide indications of gallstones. Ultimately, the imaging ensures the suspected diagnosis.
Another method of diagnosis is endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography (ERCP). Here, a tube with a camera at its tip is advanced through the પેટ અને ડ્યુડોનેમ ની અંદર પિત્ત નળી. From there, it is possible to examine whether there is a gallstone in it.
Gallstones that do not cause any symptoms do not need to be treated. Small stones (<3 cm) can also come off by themselves. Large stones, or small stones that remain in the bile ducts, must be removed surgically.
Nowadays, the gallbladder is removed by means of a લેપ્રોસ્કોપી, a minimally invasive method. Chronic gallstone disease leads to recurrent inflammation of the પિત્તાશય. A so-called porcelain gallbladder can develop from this.
The name is correct, since the gallbladder looks like porcelain due to its calcification in the અલ્ટ્રાસાઉન્ડ image. In the case of a porcelain gallbladder, the risk of malignant degeneration is increased, which is why those affected are advised to undergo early surgical removal of the gallbladder.
- ઇચિનોકોકોસીસ
- ગેલસ્ટોન્સ
